Indomethacin Side Effects, Contraindications, Rules of Use, and How It Work – Indometacin or
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This drug, which belongs to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug group (NSAIDS) work by inhibiting enzymes that produce prostaglandins, a substance that cause inflammation.
How Indomethacin drugs work
In cell membranes, there are Phosphatidylcholine and Phosphatidylinositol. When injuries occur, the membrane will be impacted. Phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylinositol are converted into arachidonic acid. The arachidonic acid later branched into two: a cyclooxygenation pathway (COX) and a lipooxygenase pathway.
COX consists of: COX-1 and COX-2. COX-1 functions produce prostaglandins that are essential to the body, e.g. in the stomach and kidneys. While COX-2 occurs in the presence of inflammatory reactions.
On the path of COX is formed Prostaglandins and Thromboxane. While on the line lipooxygenase formed Leukotrin.
- Prostaglandin: An inflammatory and painful mediator. Also causes vasodilation and edema (swelling).
- Thromboxane: Cause platelet vasoconstriction and aggregation (coagulating).
- Leukotriene: Causes of Vasotrixy, bronchoconstriction.
Indomethacin has the highest toxicity to the gastrointestinal tract. Indomethacin causes inhibition of COX, both reversible and irreversible through competition with substrate, namely arachidonic acid. So COX and lipoxygenase are not formed. This drug blocks COX-1 which is higher than inhibiting COX-2 so that the greater the gastrointestinal side effects. Because COX 1 serves to produce prostaglandins in the stomach.
Due to the effects of its strong inflammatory, the side effects of the drug are also greater with the gastrointestinal tract and heart. The risk of ulcers, bleeding, perforation of the gastrointestinal tract, as well as thrombotic cardiovascular events such as myocardial infarction and stroke will be higher.
Warning:
Before discussing Indomethacin side effects, here is a warning regarding the use of this drug.
- Tell your doctor if you suffer from a kidney disorder, liver disorders, vascular blockage, hypertension, diabetes, asthma, epilepsy, Parkinson’s disease, or lupus.
- Beware of the use of medications if you are experiencing conditions, such as peptic ulcers, duodenal ulcer, Crohn’s disease, or ulcerative colitis.
- Tell your doctor if you’re using other medications.
- Tell your doctor if you’ve ever experienced an allergic reaction after using nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, such as aspirin, ibuprofen, celecoxib, and naproxen.
Indomethacin is not recommended for children under the age of 2 years to be consumed.- If there is an allergic reaction or an overdose after using
indomethacin , immediately meet the doctor. - Consult a doctor first, especially if you have the following medical conditions:
- Mental depression or other psychiatric disorders
- Moderately controlled infections.
- Pregnancy and lactation.
- Consumption of this drug is not recommended if it has a medical condition, such as:
Hypersensitivity.
- Neonatal with congenital heart disease.
More information can be found on the packaging.
Rules for using Indomethacin correctly.
Follow the doctor’s advice and prescription. The dosage is based on medical conditions and response to treatment. Don’t wait for the pain to get worse.
Contraindications.
Not everyone can use this drug, the sufferer known to have the following conditions should not use:
- People with a history of hypersensitivity / allergic to indomethacin, aspirin or other NSAIDS.
- Patients with impaired renal function as well as active bleeding such as intraventricular bleeding and gastrointestinal bleeding.
- Patients with thrombocytopenia.
- Patients being treated due to proctitis or rectal bleeding.
- Sufferers or have a history of asthma, urticaria or certain allergic reactions.
- Just had a cardiac bypass surgery.
- Concomitant use of diflunisal.
Read also: How To Stop Internal Bleeding Effectively.
Indomethacin Side Effects
Common side effects found in any drug use. Side effects often occur due to the use of these drugs are:
- Abdominal pain.
- Dizziness.
- Sleepy.
Rare but serious side effects, such as:
- Mental changes.
- Sick of swallowing.
- Symptoms of heart failure.
- Unusual weight gain.
Contact your doctor if the side effects don’t disappear or get worse.
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