Do you like sports or not? Well, usually when exercising, one of the things that is desirable is to strengthen the part of the muscles. Well, it’s on the arm, abdomen, or legs. Do you too? But, actually, do you know How Does The Muscular System Work? The following explanation.
Why can we move? Well, because in our body there are active mobility tools in the form of muscles and a passive motion tool called bones. Therefore, bones can move because of muscles. So, how can muscles move the bones? Due to muscle contraction and relaxation.
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Understanding of muscles
Before discussing How Does The Muscular System Work, we should first know what muscle is.
Muscle definition is a set of muscle cells that form tissues. Muscle is a motion tool that serves to move bones. Muscle cells have the ability to contract (form a muscle cells shorten) and perform relaxation (back to the size of the original). Therefore, muscle tissue is referred to as the active motion tool.
Types of muscle tissue
Muscles can be distinguished into three kinds, smooth muscles, striated muscles, and heart muscle.
Striated Muscles (Skeletal Muscles)
The human body can move because of the contraction and relaxation of the striated muscles. This muscle works under the control of a conscious nervous system or according to Human will. Skeletal muscles are generally attached to the skeleton (bone)..
Nevertheless, there are striated muscles that are completely unattached, such as the tongue muscles and external eye muscles. The muscle tip attached to the bone is called a tendon. The tip of the muscles attached to the bones that tend to be silent is called the Origo, while the relatively active bone is called the Insersio.
Smooth Muscles
Smooth muscles differ greatly from the striated muscles. Because the smooth muscles do not have dark and light fibers. Smooth muscles have spindle-shaped cells because of the large middle part. While the ends are tapered and have a cell core in the center.
The characteristic of smooth muscles is its movements under the influence of unconscious nerves. Thus, smooth muscles work outside human consciousness. Hence this muscle is called unconscious muscle.
Heart muscle
The heart muscle is shaped like a skeletal muscle, but its working nature is similar to smooth muscles. The heart muscle is branched and has a nucleus in the middle of the cell. The heart muscle has traits such as striated muscles (skeletal muscles), which have a transverse line of dark and light fibers.
The heart muscle is found only in the heart walls and is also known as the myocardium.
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Muscle function
Muscle contraction is a condition when your muscles strain and shorten so you can then move your bones or body frame. Then, relaxation is the opposite? Yes. Relaxation is a condition when muscles are back elongated. Don’t forget. Contraction is shortening, relaxation is elongated.
Another function of the muscles in the human body is supported.
Oh yes, the muscles that make the frame move are called with skeletal muscles. The functional Unit of skeletal muscle is called Sarcomere, which is composed of Actin and Myosin.
Skeletal muscles continue to work to support the body and help to maintain posture, whether one sits or stands. These muscles also support, stabilize and strengthen the joints by holding the bones in the right position, especially in areas where the parts of the joints do not fit together tightly like the shoulders and hips.
Skeletal muscles are also very important in determining overall body strength and ability to perform various physical tasks. Retaining strong muscles is helpful for general health and well-being. In humans, there are 3 types of muscle tissue, namely smooth muscles, striated muscles and heart muscle.
How Does The Muscular System Work?
Muscles work because of the stimulation of the nerve fibers that cause the muscles to contract, so the muscle size is shortened, hard, and the middle part is packed up. With the contrast, the muscles can move the skeleton or bone. And to move the bones requires at least two kinds of muscles with different ways of working.
Then, How Does The Muscular System Work?
Based on how it works, muscles are divided into two, namely:
Synergistic Muscles
Those are the muscles that cooperate with each other. That is, the muscles contract and relax simultaneously.
Example:
The inter rib muscles work together while inhaling and exhaling.
The pronator muscles that cause pronation, i.e. The motion of the palm of the hand, when the vertebrae and ulna bones are in parallel condition.
The supinator muscles resulting in the movement of Supination, which is the center of the palm of the hand.
Antagonistic Muscle
Those are two muscles that work opposite each other. That is, when the one muscles contract, the other muscles are relaxed. These antagonistic muscles are found in the triceps and biceps muscles.
Biceps muscle is a muscle that has two ends of the tendon (relationship between bones and muscles), while the triceps muscle is the muscle that has three ends of the tendon and located in the upper arm of the back.
Well, based on the direction of the movement, the antagonistic motion is divided into:
- Flexion motion: Lifting the forearm, due to triceps contraction of the muscles and the biceps.
- Extension motion: The motion of lowering the forearm, due to the biceps and triceps muscle contraction.
- Abductions motion: movement away from the body.
- Reduction motion: movement approaching the body.
- Depression motion: Movement lowers the arm.
- Elevation motion: Move the raising arm.
How Does The Muscular System Work – Video
Read also: How long does it take to develop muscle?
Thank you very much for reading Types, Function, and How Does The Muscular System Work, hopefully useful.
