Mosquitoes are one of the deadliest animals in the world, because mosquitoes can cause illness and cause death millions of victims each year.
Therefore, mosquito control, especially in tropical countries, is very important to be done as a way to prevent the mosquito breeding in order to suppress mosquito population number and reduce the risk of mosquito-borne disease.
Why do mosquitoes breed well in tropical countries?
There are two reasons why countries with tropical climates are more easily affected by mosquito-borne diseases:
- First – Tropical country characteristics with environmental conditions that tend to be hot and humid, strongly support the process of development of several types of harmful mosquitoes
- Secondly – a hot climate makes it easy for people to get infected with skin infections and moisture that causes bacteria or viruses brought by mosquitoes to breed very quickly.
Various Mosquito-borne disease
Here are some diseases that are contagious by mosquito bites, in addition to dengue fever:
Chikungunya
Chikungunya is a disease that is transmitted through the bite of the mosquito Aedes aegypti. The characteristics, if you have been infected by this mosquito are actually similar to the symptoms of dengue, ranging from fever, chills, headaches, and reddish spots that spread across the skin.
But generally, the difference is the presence of pain in the joints of the body. People who are suffering from Chikungunya are more susceptible to joint pain in the knees and elbows.
Yellow fever
In addition to Chikungunya, there is also yellow fever as one of Mosquito-borne disease. The disease is usually carried and transmitted by the Aedes or Haemagogus species. Usually, people with yellow fever will feel fever, headache, and muscle pain.
Once you are bitten by mosquitoes, prolonged infections will cause the skin to change in yellow and some body organs fail to function. This disease can be prevented by means of vaccines in hospitals or in government health institutions.
Dengue fever
One of the dangerous diseases caused by mosquito bites is a dengue fever disease. The disease is caused by Aedes Aighypti mosquito bites that live and breed in a puddle of clean water. Patients with dengue fever usually have characteristics such as high fever accompanied by very unusual headaches, nausea and weakness.
A severe dengue fever can cause bleeding in the nose or gums, sometimes accompanied by a rash around the skin of dengue fever, and the worse can lead to death when not treated immediately.
Malaria
Almost similar to dengue fever disease, Malaria is also caused by mosquito bites. But the type of mosquito that carries this disease is a female Anopheles mosquito. Malaria is actually caused by parasites (Plasmodium) transmitted by the Anopheles mosquito.
Malaria disease has almost the same characteristic as dengue fever disease. Early symptoms such as high fever, headache, chills, and vomiting. Malaria disease can make the body endurance drastic decreases in a short time, so it can also cause a variety of severe complications, so it should be as fast as possible to be treated.
Filariasis
Filariasis are generally grouped according to the location of older worm habitats in the human body. Its type includes filariasis skin, lymphatic filariasis, and body cavity. However, lymphatic filariasis is a type that is quite a lot of people experience.
The culprit of elephantiasis can be caused by parasites Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi, and Brugia timori.. But, said the expert, Wuchereria bancrofti is the parasite that most often attack humans. Approximately 9 out of 10 elephantiasis are caused by this parasite.
Well, this Filarian parasite can enter the body through the bite of an infected mosquito. Later these parasites will grow up and form worms.
That makes a fret, this worm can survive for 6 – 8 years, and continue to breed in the human lymph tissue.
Zika Virus
Just like Chikungunya disease and dengue fever, Zika virus is transmitted through Aedes aegypti mosquito bites.
Symptoms include a rash on the skin, itching throughout the body, headache, high fever, joint and muscle aches, red eyes or conjunctivitis, pain in the back of the eye, as well as the possibility of swelling in the joints of the hands and feet.
If Zika virus infection occurs in pregnant women, there may be an increased risk of disability of the fetus.
Inflammation of the brain
In general, viral infections causing inflammation of the brain or encephalitis are caused by Culex-type mosquitoes, especially the Culex Tritaeniorhynchus. Inflammation of the brain infection in the majority of humans is symptomatic or mild flu-like symptoms.
However, a small percentage of sufferers will experience brain inflammation with symptoms of sudden severe headaches, high fever, disorientation, coma, tremor, and seizures. The vaccine for viruses is available for people who will travel to endemic areas.
West Nile Virus
West Nile Virus is found in Europe, the Middle East, America, Canada, Africa, India, parts of Asia, and Australia. No vaccine is available for this disease. Human infections can be symptomatic, but less than 1% of the sufferers may experience inflammation of the brain and brain membranes.
The main treatment due to this virus is total rest, maintain body fluid intake, maintain body nutrients, and symptomatic medicines. However, in heavier cases, blood transfusions can be needed.
Read also:
Tips How To Keep Mosquitoes Away From The House and Yard
Thank you very much for reading Mosquito-borne disease, hopefully useful.
