Hematuria is bloody urine. The blood in urine can be caused by various diseases, ranging from urinary tract infections, kidney disease, to pros**tate cancer.
The blood in the urine will change the color of the urine to reddish or slightly brownish. Normal urine should not contain any blood, except in women who are menstruating.
Hematuria generally does not hurt, but if the blood appears in the form of clots, it can clog the urinary tract and cause pain. To prevent the occurrence of dangerous complications, immediately check yourself with a doctor if you have bloody urine.
Blood in Urine Types
In hematuria patients, urine color can be seen clearly red or clear (normal).
In general, there are 2 types of hematuria, namely:
Macroscopic hematuria.
The situation where the urine can be seen clearly is thick red like fresh blood or dark brownish color.
Microscopic hematuria.
The state where urine can be seen is clear, but on a microscopic examination can be found red blood cells (erythrocytes) more than 5 red blood cells per urine field of view.
Therefore the color of urine in hematuria sufferers can appear with different degrees of color. Such as clear yellow, pink, reddish yellow, thick red such as fresh blood, brownish, to a thick black color that indicates the presence of red blood cells in the urine.
However, because it is very subjective for everyone who observes, a measurable test method is required in the laboratory.
Blood in Urine Symptoms
The main symptom of hematuria is the discoloration of the urine to pink, reddish, or tanned. However, if the amount of blood entering the urine is not much, the color of the urine may not change.
In addition to discoloration of urine, hematuria can be accompanied by other symptoms, depending on the main cause. Symptoms that can appear include lower abdominal pain, frequent urination, or difficulty urinating.
Blood in Urine Causes
There are several causes of blood in urine. Here are some of them:
Bladder Infection
Acute cystitis or commonly referred to as bladder infection will make the sufferer sick when he is urinating. This happens in adulthood. However, in infants or children, this infection can occur. Usually, babies or children will experience fever, pain when urinating, and sometimes pain in the lower abdomen.
Kidney Infection
Pyelonephritis or kidney infection has symptoms of fever and chills. Sometimes the sufferer will also feel pain in the lower back, because that’s where the kidneys are.
Inflammation of the Urinary Tract
Urethritis or inflammation of the urinary tract (urethra) is usually caused by se**xually transmitted diseases such as chlamydia. This tract becomes the way urine comes out of the bladder. This disease can be followed by pain when urinating and a very pungent smell of urine.
Kidney Stones
Kidney stones can also cause bloody urine. When kidney stones come out because urine is pushed, it can be that the sufferer will not feel anything, and will only realize when the stone has inhibited the exit of urine. The exit of kidney stones can also cause tremendous pain around the lower abdomen and pelvis. This can cause visible blood that is small and cannot be seen by the naked eye.
Read also:
How long does it take to pass a kidney stone
Glomerulonephritis
Glomerulonephritis or bleeding in the glomerulus can cause there to be blood in the urine. Glomerulus is a renal capillary tissue that serves as the first filter in the process of making urine.
Swelling of the Pros**tate Gland
Swelling of the pros**tate gland is common in elderly men. The usual symptoms that follow are the frequent desire to urinate, but difficulty when going to dispose of it and emptying the bladder.
Disorders due to Disease
Some blood disorders such as sickle cell anemia and genetic disorders such as Alport syndrome that attack filter membranes in the collection of nerve endings can also cause there to be blood in the urine when it is bleeding.
Injuries and Sports That Are Too Hard
Accidents or vigorous exercise can cause kidney injuries. When the kidneys are injured, the blood can also be carried out through the urine.
